The following is a synopsis of the training that would be provided to staff in First Aid Certification. This section is not meant to replace the training sessions. When injecting an auto-injector, ensure the proper end is placed on the thigh.
Many incidents were reported where thumbs were accidentally injected rather than the anaphylactic individual. This will assist new users in properly administering the auto-injector.
When injecting , remember to hold the auto-injector against the body for a full ten seconds, to allow complete dissemination of the medication. It is normal to see some liquid left in the used auto-injector. The complete dose of epinephrine will have been injected if it was held in place for ten seconds.
Massage the area for 10 seconds after injection. It is not uncommon for individuals to be fearful of using the auto-injector the first time, if up until then they have only practised with the trainer.
On Epi-Pens an orange sheath surrounds an exposed needle. On TwinJects, the exposed needle will need to be bent backwards on a hard surface if the second dose is needed.
It is recommended that the used auto-injector be disposed of at your local Health Unit, at your own pharmacy, or at the Hazardous Waste Depot, rather than a trash container at home or school. It may be helpful to take it to the Hospital Emergency Room to show what was given. ALL individuals receiving emergency epinephrine must be transported to hospital immediately. Further treatments may be required and therefore observation in a hospital setting is necessary.
Additional epinephrine must be available during transport and may be administered after 10 to 15 minutes, should symptoms not subside or in fact, reoccur. About Auto-Injectors. An auto-injector administers epinephrine also known as synthetic adrenaline —the medication recognized by healthcare professionals as the only treatment of choice for severe allergic reactions.
The carrying case provides built-in protection to promote safety. Epinephrine has been used to treat severe allergic emergencies for over 30 years. Make sure you are prepared wherever you go by having an auto-injector in all key locations, including:. There are 2 dosage strengths: EpiPen 0. EpiPen should be used for adults and children weighing 30 kg or more. EpiPen Jr. Carefully place any used Auto-Injectors, needle first, back into the storage tubes.
Screw the caps back on the storage tubes tightly. It is important that you call or have someone take you to the emergency room because the effects of epinephrine can wear off and there is a chance of a second reaction.
You should also stay within close proximity to a hospital or where you can easily call for the next 48 hours. Give any used Auto-Injectors in their storage tubes to emergency responders or emergency room personnel. Twinject Auto-Injector.
Look at Twinject TM 0. It may not work if medicine looks cloudy has particles , pinkish, or more than slightly yellow, or if the expiration date has passed. In the event of a life-threatening allergic reaction, you should use an out of date product, if that is all you have. Remove auto-injector and check the GREY cap; it needle is exposed, you received the dose. If not, repeat 3 and 4 under step 2. Prepare for second dose. If symptoms have not improved in approximately 10 minutes since first injection, proceed with Step 4.
Re-insert syringe, needle first, into blue case. Return it to your physician or pharmacist for proper disposal. Do not throw away in trash. Source: Twinject, autoinjector, epinephrine inhection USP , www. Sources of Available Information Educational material is available from several associations:.
This resource kit was distributed to all schools in Ontario by the Ministry of Education in February The handbook provides educators with the Consensus Statement from the Canadian Society of allery and Clinical Immunology. Concise information about Awareness Understanding Anaphylaxis , Avoidance Avoidance Stategies , and Action General Recommendations, Training and Communication are of importance to school administrators as are the Appendices.
Anaphylaxis Canada www. Anaphylaxis Canada provides information specifically on anaphylaxis. They provide a newsletter with membership, support research and offer various products, videos, books, allergy awareness posters for schools, allergy information cards, etc. AAIA provides information on allergies, asthma and anaphylaxis. Trained community volunteers, a help-line and many useful tools and products quarterly newsletter with membership, videos and books are available. Anaphylaxisis and Asthma Reference Kits are available for training purposes 32 pages of information, 18 pages of overheads, an EpiPen trainer and poster.
Canadian Medic-Alert Foundation www. Ontario Physical and Health Education Research www. Practical Strategies for Avoidance Avoidance is the cornerstone of preventing an allergic reaction. Much can be done to reduce the risk when avoidance strategies are developed. General recommendations for food allergens and insect stings as well as additional strategies for avoiding specific food allergens are provided below.
For food-allergic individuals, the key to remaining safe is avoidance of the food allergen. It must be stressed that very small or minute amounts of certain foods can cause severe reactions when ingested. This may happen if people at risk touch an allergenic substance and then subsequently put their hand to their mouth or eye.
Even a very small amount "hidden" in a food or a trace amount of an allergen transferred to a serving utensil has the potential to cause a severe allergic reaction. For foods such as fish and shellfish, egg and milk, vapour or steam containing proteins emitted from cooking these foods have been shown to trigger asthmatic reactions and even anaphylaxis. While it is difficult to completely eliminate all allergenic ingredients due to hidden or accidentally introduced sources, it is possible and extremely important to reduce the risk of exposure to them.
Effective ingredient label reading, special precautions for food preparation, proper hand washing, and cleaning go a long way toward reducing the risk of an accidental exposure. Parents of food-allergic children are often concerned that the odour or smell of a particular food such as peanut butter will cause a life-threatening or anaphylactic reaction. Inhalation of airborne peanut protein can cause allergic reactions. The odour alone without airborne proteins has not been known to cause an anaphylactic reaction.
Direct ingestion of an allergy-causing food poses the greatest risk for the sensitized individual. The following guidelines are recommended to reduce the risk of exposure for people with food allergy:.
The risk of insect stings is higher in the warmer months. General guidelines to reduce the risk of exposure to insect stings include:. Keep garbage cans covered with tightly fitted lids in outdoor play areas. Consider restricting eating areas to designated locations inside the school building during daily routines. This allows for closer supervision, avoids school yard cleanup, and helps reduce the revalence of stinging insects.
Reactions to medication, exercise and latex are rare in school settings. Care of children with these allergies should be individualized based on discussions amongst the parents, physicians, and school personnel. The emergency protocol, as described earlier in this document, would apply.
While research efforts are underway worldwide to better understand food allergy, a cure has not been found. Currently, physicians cannot safely determine which patients may be at risk for a mild or moderate allergic reaction and which patients might go on to develop a severe or potentially fatal allergic reaction to a food.
A very small or minute amount of a food allergen can trigger an allergic reaction if ingested. Therefore, avoidance of an allergenic substance is the only way to prevent an allergic reaction.
For many people at risk of food anaphylaxis, a lifelong avoidance diet will be necessary. It is difficult to imagine how daily life in impacted when basic safety depends on avoiding a food which has the potential to cause a life-threatening allergic reaction.
Consider how many times a day the average person eats something. For the majority of people, this is done without thought. For those at risk for a life-threatening or anaphylactic reaction, however, nothing can be taken for granted. Every bite counts. Individuals at risk of food anaphylaxis must take ownership for their own safety.
This involves sticking to basic rules such as:. Note: It is prudent for parents of young children especially in high-risk families with a history of allergy to try new goods at home before they are introduced in a day care or other setting. Awareness and support from others in the community can help to create safer environments for individuals at risk of anaphylaxis. Ways to reduce the risk of accidental exposure include:. Where younger children are involved, some food restrictions or special measures may be developed.
Special accommodations should be handled on an individual basis. Parents of food allergic children and school staff are encouraged to work collaboratively to develop strategies which are both realistic and reasonable for their environments. Many school principals ask the entire school community to read food labels and to not send in products with an allergenic substance such as peanuts.
It is important to note that food restrictions alone do not take the place of effective risk reduction strategies. The emphasis should be on preventing an allergic emergency through education, awareness, and training and being prepared to respond during an emergency. Parents of young food-allergic children should condition them to not accept foods which parents have not approved. They should also ask school staff not to offer food to their children without their prior approval.
People who do not have a food allergy may not understand ingredient labeling practices. Assumptions about goods can put allergic individuals at risk. Therefore, parents should reach food-allergic children to stick to strict safety rules not sharing or accepting food, carrying epinephrine, etc. Schools can be expected to create an 'allergy aware' environment.
It is unrealistic, however, to expect an 'allergen-free' environment. The following sections provide information about the most common food allergens in the school setting as well as examples of ways in which they are being managed in the school environment. Recent studies suggest that peanut allergy among North American children has doubled in the past decade.
Peanut allergy requires stringent avoidance and management plans as it is one of the most common food allergies in children, adolescents, and adults. Peanut has been a leading cause of severe, life-threatening, and even fatal allergic reactions. In the high school environment, teens at risk of anaphylaxis must adhere to key safety rules. When food is concerned any food , this involves reading food labels carefully and taking special precautions such as asking food service staff about the preparation and handling of food in the cafeteria, if they purchase their lunch at school.
Students with food allergy should eat with a friend and advice others quickly if they feel they are having an allergic reaction. They should not eat if they do not have their epinephrine auto-injector with them. Food Service companies have a responsibility to train their staff to understand the risk of cross-contamination in the purchasing, preparation, and handling of food items.
Food Service staff should participate in regular school staff training on anaphylaxis management; they must be aware of students at risk for food allergy. While many young children outgrow an allergy to milk and egg within the first decade of life, some will continue to remain at risk of anaphylaxis, and should therefore follow key safety rules such as carrying epinephrine at all times. Anaphylactic reactions to milk and egg can occur when relatively small quantities are ingested.
Therefore, the allergic child must avoid all traces of milk and egg. Under proposed new labeling regulations in Canada, all traces of milk, egg and other major allergens will be listed on processed food. Currently, however, there can be legally undeclared ingredients. In addition, common names for milk and egg may not be noted, e.
This can make avoidance of these allergens particularly challenging. Elementary schools have adopted different strategies to reduce the risk of exposure for milk and egg-allergic children. Individuals with egg allergy are advised to consult with their allergist about drugs such as anesthetics and vaccines or flu shots which may have egg protein. Fish and shellfish allergies can be severe and life-threatening; therefore, strict avoidance must be practiced.
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Perhaps you'd like to bake a Do you have a sweet tooth and more specifically a chocolate craving? Those with peanut allergies must You already know that if you or your child has a peanut allergy you need to avoid peanut butter. Skip to main content. Log in to post comments.
Anonymous not verified. Merci ma belle Peanut Free Store. Barney Butter. Smiley Cookie. Click for all Store Products. More Articles. Particular attention shall be paid to potential life-threatening allergies such as bee stings, peanuts, etc. A representative of Alberta Health Services may be involved to ensure that medical information is complete and accurate. Parent s may request that prescription medication be provided to a student during school hours if the student is not old enough to self-administer the medication or there are other compelling reasons that require the involvement of staff.
The following must be in writing, issued by a medical practitioner or pharmacist, and: Specify the time s at which such medication is to be provided Specify the exact dosage Specify storage instructions including the need for security, refrigeration, etc. All medication must be sent to the school in the original container.
No employee shall provide any prescription medication to any student unless the above conditions have been met. A Student Medication Log Form shall be kept for each student where employees are involved in the provision of any medication.
This log will include all medication details.
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